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BBB corporate yield

Linear model of BBB corporate yield at period t from the other tracked series and the LN_ / squared transforms described on the Regression Models index: Y(t) = Σ ai Xi(t−6).

Integrated series (S&P 500, Dow, Home Price Index, Commercial RE) are fit as ΔY. Quarterly series use one row per quarter.

Terms are added one at a time to minimize training AIC, at most min(5, n/8) predictors, one transform per driver, and only when the term’s p-value is at most 0.1 and |coefficient| is greater than 1.0e-10. A candidate correlated above 0.8 with Y or with an already selected X is skipped.

LN_ and squared predictors are clamped to their training range. Coefficients smaller than 0.001 are shown in scientific notation.

Each section is one quarter in a one-year walk (4 experiments). The newest label is the current quarter (3Q2026). The test window is the prior 6 quarters of Y; the train window is the five years (20 quarters) before that. Independents are two quarters (six months) older than Y. Dates on this page are quarter-end observations.

Charts start in January 2020 and plot published prints only (not carried-forward extra samples). Fitted (train), fitted (test), and forecast are joined at the window boundaries so the line is continuous through the label quarter. The OLS test/forecast is shown when its test MAE beats or matches a last-print (or zero-change) baseline.

An intercept-only heading (for example “Δ SP500 = 40.657”) means no lagged series improved training AIC by at least 2 after the intercept, so the model is the training-mean change (a random walk with drift).

Test MAE is omitted when every print in the test window is a CCAR extra sample rather than a published observation.

3Q2026: BBB corporate yield = -79.218 + 14.574 × LN_Commercial Real Estate Price Index + 0.401 × LN_1-month Treasury Yield

Train: 1Q2020 – 4Q2024 (20 observations). Test: 1Q2025 – 2Q2026 (6 observations). Independents are dated two quarters (six months) before each Y period.

Regression for BBB corporate yield
Dependent variable (+/- SE):
BBB corporate yield
Constant-79.218 (+/- 9.809)
p = 0.00000***
LN_Commercial Real Estate Price Index14.574 (+/- 1.705)
p = 0.00000***
LN_1-month Treasury Yield0.401 (+/- 0.055)
p = 0.00001***
Observations20
R20.911
Adjusted R20.900
Residual Std. Error0.477 (df = 17)
F Statistic86.684*** (df = 2; 17)
Note:*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01

Test period (1Q2025 – 2Q2026)

MAE0.867
Last-print MAE0.183
RMSE0.903
R2-14.521

Chart forecast uses the last-print baseline (OLS MAE is worse).

R2 impact

Train ΔR2 is the gain when the term was added. Test ΔR2 is the drop if that term is omitted from the frozen coefficients and the reduced model is scored on the test window.

Variable Train ΔR2 Test ΔR2
LN_Commercial Real Estate Price Index +0.6274 +134317.1802
LN_1-month Treasury Yield +0.2833 +26.2565

2Q2026: BBB corporate yield = 2.315 + 0.126 × 1-year Treasury Yield² + 0.028 × CPI Inflation Rate²

Train: 4Q2019 – 3Q2024 (20 observations). Test: 4Q2024 – 1Q2026 (6 observations). Independents are dated two quarters (six months) before each Y period.

Regression for BBB corporate yield
Dependent variable (+/- SE):
BBB corporate yield
Constant2.315 (+/- 0.218)
p = 0.000***
1-year Treasury Yield20.126 (+/- 0.011)
p = 0.000***
CPI Inflation Rate20.028 (+/- 0.004)
p = 0.00001***
Observations20
R20.887
Adjusted R20.874
Residual Std. Error0.535 (df = 17)
F Statistic66.927*** (df = 2; 17)
Note:*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01

Test period (4Q2024 – 1Q2026)

MAE0.738
Last-print MAE0.167
RMSE0.78
R2-10.643

Chart forecast uses the last-print baseline (OLS MAE is worse).

R2 impact

Train ΔR2 is the gain when the term was added. Test ΔR2 is the drop if that term is omitted from the frozen coefficients and the reduced model is scored on the test window.

Variable Train ΔR2 Test ΔR2
1-year Treasury Yield² +0.6206 +143.9925
CPI Inflation Rate² +0.2667 +5.3533

1Q2026: BBB corporate yield = 1.914 + 0.688 × 6-month Treasury Yield + 0.03 × CPI Inflation Rate²

Train: 3Q2019 – 2Q2024 (20 observations). Test: 3Q2024 – 4Q2025 (6 observations). Independents are dated two quarters (six months) before each Y period.

Regression for BBB corporate yield
Dependent variable (+/- SE):
BBB corporate yield
Constant1.914 (+/- 0.164)
p = 0.000***
6-month Treasury Yield0.688 (+/- 0.044)
p = 0.000***
CPI Inflation Rate20.030 (+/- 0.003)
p = 0.00000***
Observations20
R20.942
Adjusted R20.935
Residual Std. Error0.382 (df = 17)
F Statistic137.790*** (df = 2; 17)
Note:*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01

Test period (3Q2024 – 4Q2025)

MAE0.394
Last-print MAE0.25
RMSE0.46
R2-4.290

Chart forecast uses the last-print baseline (OLS MAE is worse).

R2 impact

Train ΔR2 is the gain when the term was added. Test ΔR2 is the drop if that term is omitted from the frozen coefficients and the reduced model is scored on the test window.

Variable Train ΔR2 Test ΔR2
6-month Treasury Yield +0.6270 +258.5337
CPI Inflation Rate² +0.3149 +0.3628

4Q2025: BBB corporate yield = 1.605 + 0.161 × US Avg Retail Gasoline Price ($-gal; all grades, all formulations)² + 0.404 × 6-month Treasury Yield

Train: 2Q2019 – 1Q2024 (20 observations). Test: 2Q2024 – 3Q2025 (6 observations). Independents are dated two quarters (six months) before each Y period.

Regression for BBB corporate yield
Dependent variable (+/- SE):
BBB corporate yield
Constant1.605 (+/- 0.255)
p = 0.00001***
US Avg Retail Gasoline Price ($-gal; all grades, all formulations)20.161 (+/- 0.024)
p = 0.00001***
6-month Treasury Yield0.404 (+/- 0.064)
p = 0.00001***
Observations20
R20.891
Adjusted R20.878
Residual Std. Error0.504 (df = 17)
F Statistic69.667*** (df = 2; 17)
Note:*p<0.1; **p<0.05; ***p<0.01

Test period (2Q2024 – 3Q2025)

MAE0.447
Last-print MAE0.25
RMSE0.473
R2-4.890

Chart forecast uses the last-print baseline (OLS MAE is worse).

R2 impact

Train ΔR2 is the gain when the term was added. Test ΔR2 is the drop if that term is omitted from the frozen coefficients and the reduced model is scored on the test window.

Variable Train ΔR2 Test ΔR2
US Avg Retail Gasoline Price ($-gal; all grades, all formulations)² +0.6336 +95.8443
6-month Treasury Yield +0.2576 +113.6644